General Description: Withania somnifera is an evergreen shrub, upright with ovate leaves, clusters of green to yellow hermaphrodite flowers followed by orange-red berries. Native to Mediterranean, Middle East, India and Sri Lanka. Ashwagandha is a member of the nightshade family, however lacks the poisonous attributes of other Nightshades.

Chemical Composition: Mainly consisting of withanolides, glycosides and several different alkaloids.

Pharmacology or Biological Activities:
Shows effectiveness against a wide variety of biological, physical and chemical stressors and is considered a true adaptogen. Shown to have anti tumor, antibiotic, abortifacient, immunomodulatory, radiosensitizing, anti rheumatic, aphrodisiac, sedative, astringent, anti-fungal, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and immuno-stimulant properties. Increases white blood cell count, has normalizing effect on red blood cell count, hemoglobin and platelet count and could stimulate the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte.

Traditional/Historical Medicine: Traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat hypertension and stress related ailments. Commonly referred to as the 'ginseng of India'. Imparts an overall sense of well being and heightened energy. Has a calming effect and is thought to improve memory. Found in alternative treatments for Cancer and AIDS. Recent research results show that Ashwagandha "can prevent immunosuppresion caused by exposure to strong chemical agents and may be valuable in restoring immunity after exposure to or treatment with such drugs. It also provides protection against some side effects of chemotherapy".

Safety Issues: Not to be used during pregnancy. Can potentate effects of barbiturates.

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References:
The Herb Society of America New Encyclopedia of Herbs & their Uses

The One Earth Herbal Source Book (Alan Tillotson, Ph.D.)

Herbal Medicine, Healing & Cancer A comprehensive program for prevention and treatment (Donald Yance)

Treatment of Cancer with Herbs an Integrative Approach (Dr. Michael Tierra, L.Ac., N.D., AHG)

Traditional Tibetan Medicine Encyclopedia